Key and permutation operated door lock



June 8, 19.37. D. M. BELL KEY AND PERMUTATION OPERATED DOOR Loox FiledNOV. 28', 1953 6 SheetsSheet 1 June 8, 1937. D, M, BELL 2,083,358

KEY AND PERMUTATION OPERATED DOOR LOCK Filed Nov. 28, 1955 6Sheets-Sheet 2 Het-4 June s, 1937. D. M, 'BELL 2,083,358

KEY AND PERMUTATION OPERATED DOOR LOCK A Filed Nov.4 28, 1933 6Sheets-Sheet 3.

o @V f( 1 w N wv N- P June 8, 1937. D. M. BELL KEY AND PERMUTATIONOPERATED DOOR LOCK J6 L65 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Nov. 28,

. June 8, 1937. D. M. BELL KEY AND PERMUTATION OPERATED DOOR LOCK FiledNov. 28, 195s e sheets-sheet 5 Jm/ZUZ' 777.

June 8, 1937. D. M. BELL 2,083,358

KEY ND PERMUTATION OPERATED DOOR LOCK Filed Nov. 28, 1935 6 Sheets-Sheet6 f7@ EL3' 79 y ai ' 4a HG, 24 K9 Patented June 8, 1937 UNTED S'TES*PATENT OFFICE Dinwyn M. een, River Forest-1u., assigner to Dudley LockCorporation, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Illinois AppeeetienNevember 28, .1933, serial No. 700,104

6 Claims.

rIhis invention relates to improvements in door locks, more particularlyof the spring bolt type, and is directed specically to providing bothcombination and key operated means for controlling the fasteningmechanism of clothes lockers and the like, although many features of theinvention are adaptable and useful for other kinds of locks.

Among the objects of the invention are: to

lo provide a dial operated combination lock combined with a key operatedcylinder lock which is simple in construction and reliable in operation;

to provide such a key-combination lock in which the key and thecombination operated mechai5 nisms are substantially independent intheir operative relation to the lock bolt; to provide a combination lockin which the locking elements and also the dial are automaticallydisplaced When the bolt is operated, or the door opened, so that .3 thelock is immediately reset for locking and the dial is moved so that thelast significant number thereon will not be disclosed.

Further objects are to provide a spring bolt lock in which the bolt maybe operated at any period of time after the key is inserted and turnedso that the door may be left closed and unlocked, by leaving the key inthe turned position. And another object is to provide a lock which isautomatically placed in locking condi- 39 tion whether the door is openor closed as soon as the key is removed from the lock, thus reducing theliability of the locker being unintentionally left unlocked, and makingit apparent that the door is locked, or in locking condition 3;; so thatthe door will be locked when it is closed,

if the key is not in the lock.

In accordance with this invention a key comination lock may be providedhaving a cylinder tumbler lock and the bolt may be released either i) bythe combination or by a key, which may be a master key for opening aseries of locks, or a key individual to each lock. Also the combinationbe reset by the use of a master resetting key, thus providing an easilyoperated but pro- .;5 tective means for changing the combination, sothat anyone ceasing to use a particular locker or cabinet on which thelock is installed cannot again have access thereto by knowing thecombination previously used on the lock.

50 Another important feature of the invention is that the combinationpart of the lock may be completely assembled before the cylinder lockbarrel is incorporated therein, the barrel being insertable into thelock, from the exterior there- 55 of, into operative relation with thelock mechanism. ,The assembled locks may thus be used as merelycombination locks, or the key features may be added as desired.

, This enables steady economic production as it is economically possibleto produce locks in large l quantities having a variety of differentcombinations, but the number of locks for a particular key series isnecessarily limited, and the keys to be used cannot usually bedetermined until the installation is known and the locks shipped, andthe number of locks in each order is, of course, limited. In manyinstances new locks are supplied to institutions having the same make oflocks, andthe new locks have to match the keys already in use; andwhile, by this invention, the

cost of inserting or changing the key lock cylinder is smallma.king upthe combination elements in small quantities after the orders werereceived would add materially to the cost of production. Also provisionmay be easily made for changing the keys, by inserting diiierent tumblerlock cylinders Without dismounting the locks.

Heretofore provisions have been made for changing the combination ormanner in which the dial is operated by changing the positional relationbetween the dial and the lock mechanism with the use of an instrument,but the instrument merely acted upon a lug or some sort of a catchdevice for releasing the dial without in any manner alecting the otherparts of the lock.

In this invention, the dial setting is placed under the full protectionof the key operated lock mechanism, such as a tumbler lock cylinder, sothat it is necessary to actually operate and unlock the lock itselfbefore the dial setting can be altered. This places the dial settingunder the protection of the key lock tumblers, thus giving the samesecurity as is given by the lock itself, and it also necessitates thepossession of the master key.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent in the followingdescription with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the lock case 3l and mechanism, with thecover 32 removed.

Fig. 2 is a detail view taken as a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 3 is a partial section taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 4 is a plan section of the complete mechanism installed on a door33, taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. l.

Fig. 5 is a plan section on the axis of the cylindrical barrel 34, line5-5 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a. sectional view looking from the front of the case, showingthe front or third combination disk 35, and taken on the line 6-6 ofFig. 5.

Fig. '1 is a detail section looking from the rear, taken on the line 1-1of Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is a detail section looking from the front showing the diskspacer 36 and middle or section combination disk 31, taken on the line8-8 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 9 is taken on the line 9-9 of Fig. 5, and shows the rear, or firstcombination disk 38.`

Fig. 10 is a section lookingfr'om-the. rear, taken on the line |9-i6 ofFig. 5.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view looking from the right hand side of the caseon the line of Fig. 1.

Fig. 12 is a sectional view on the vertical section line |2|2 of Fig.1', with parts shown in section and parts shown in full. u

Fig. 13 is a side elevation of the tumbler barrel 34, 'viewed from thesame-direction as the parts shown in Fig. 12.?

Fig. 14 is a front view of the complete lock mounted on a door 33,looking at the face of the door.

Fig. 15 isA a similar view, with the dial 39 and escutcheonv or doorplate 40 removed.

Fig. 16 is a rear view of the dial 39.

Fig. 17 is 5a viewfsimilar to Fig. I4,- showing a master key 4| insertedin the lock.

Fig. 18 is a view looking from the right of Fig. 1'1, with parts shownin section on the vertical section line.

Fig. 19 is a View similar to Fig. 18, with a combination resetting key42 inserted.

Fig. 20 isa view similar to Fig. 18 but showing the resetting key 42turned and pressed in to disconnect the dial 3-9 from the combinationdriving disk 43.

Fig. 21 is a side View of the master key 4|.

Fig. 22 is a side view of the resetting key 42.

Fig. 23 is anenlargedview similar to Fig. 19.

Fig. 24 is an enlarged view similar to Fig. 20.

Fig. 25 is a fragmentary sectional view taken similarly to Fig. 5, butshowing a substitute knob for the lock installed on a. thicker 'doorthan that shown in Fig. 5.

The case 3| is cast with a cylindrical boss 44 formed in the rear wallthereof, and in the boss is fixedly mounted a" cylinder lock housing orcage 45, in which is rotatably mounted the key lock barrel or cylinder34. The bore of the housing has longitudinal grooves 46 for receivingthe ends of the tumblers 41, the tumblers being slidably mounted in thebarrel and retractable by inserting either of the lock keys 4| or 42 inthe longitudinal key slot, 48, formed in the barrel, to withdraw theends of the tumblers so that the barrel may be turned to unlock, as willbe understood.

The barrel 34 is formed in two interlocking halves which are heldtogether by a` washer 49, pressed against the shoulder of the large rearportion 5t* of the barrel, and a at sided washer 5| which is riveted onand covers the key slot at the rear end of the-barrel, as best shown inFigure 10.

In the bore, near the rear end of the boss 44 is formed an annular rib44a, and the end rim of the boss is slotted to receive the diametricallyopposite lugs 52 which are formed on the periphery of the washer 53. Thewasher is seated on the rib 44a and is held in position by the cap 54which is pressed onto -the end of the boss 44.

The hole 55 inthe'l washer 53 is flattened at its opposite sides andconforms to the non-circular periphery of the rear barrel washer, 5|,but the washer 53 is positioned so that the sides of the hole are inangular relation with the flats of the end washer 5| when the barrel isin locked position so that the barrel is thereby held from rearwardlongitudinal movement until said barrel is unlocked and turned tounlocking position in which the end washer registers with and will enterthe washer 53, thus permitting a limited endwise motion rearwardly.

The portion 56 of the barrel is flattened at opposite sides to fit intoand operatively engage in a conformingly flattened bore 51 in a cam disk58. The barrel also extends through a sleeve 59., on which are looselymounted a plain spacing washer 60, adjacent the cam disk; then a tootheddisk 6|; the first, second, and third combination disks, 38, 31 and 35respectively, enumerated in the order in which they are set forunlocking;

the driving disk 43; and the fluted connecting or clutch ring 62. Thering 62 has a shouldered bore and seats directly on a shoulder 56aformed on the end of the barrel, as best shown in Figure 5.

The combination disks are separated by hook shaped spacers 36 and 63which provide annular spaces around the barrel for the rotation of theinterconnecting lugs,-lug 64 formed on the outer surface of the firstdisk 38, lug 65 formed in the inner surface of the second disk 31, lug66 on the front surface of the second disk 31, and lug 61 on the innersurface of the third disk 35 as best shown in Figure 12.

The spacers are supported and held in position by a forwardly projectingnger, 58a, which, for convenience, is integrally formed on the cam disk58 and projects through conforming rectangular apertures in the earportions 6B of the spacers 36 and 63.

'I'he toothed disk 6| is connected to the first disk by means of lugs69, formed on the toothed disk, which engage in suitable notches 38L inthe bore of the rst disk, 38, as best shown in Figure 3 and Figure 9.The combination disks are rotatably connected when their lugs are incontact, and the driving disk 43 is connected to the third combinationdisk by peripheral lugs 1|), formed on the driving disk, which engage insuitable notches provided in the margins of the third disk 35. The hub1i of the driving disk is transversely slotted to receive lugs 12, seeFigure 12, which are integral with and project inwardly from theconnecting ring 62, the medial portions of the lugs 12 being recessedand the hub 1| being encircled by a wire 13 disposed in a peripheralgroove 14, formed near the end of the hub so that the ring 62 anddriving disk are extensibly connected.

The case is enclosed by the cover 32 which has flange lugs 15 on theupper and lower sides thereof which conform to similar lugs 16, formedon the case, the cover being secured in position by means of screws,32a, indicated in broken lines in Figure 15; and on the cover isprovided a hub 11 in which the boss 1i, of the driving disk, is.rotatably supported.

The case is mounted on the rear of the door 33 with the hub 11projecting therethrough; and on the outer end of the hubis mounted anapertured disk 18 having an outwardly projecting peripheral ange 'i9 inwhich is loosely seated the annular knob and dial member 39. The disk orflange, 80, which carries the dial graduations, is covered by the doorplate 4|) which has a central recessed annulus accommodating theperiphery of the dial flange and engages in a circumferential grooveprovided in this portion of the conical dial surface 80. Through theplate, door and flanges, 15 and 16, are inserted bolts 8|, secured bynuts 83 on the inner ends, to secure the lock to the door.

In the inner end of the bore 84, of the knob member, 39, is provided anannular recess 85 which terminates at an inwardly projectingcircumferential rib 86, formed in the boreyand in the recess are formedtwo oppositely disposed lugs 81 and 88, the lug 88 being in alignmentwith the zero of the dial markings, shown in Figure 14. The rim of'theconnecting ring, 62, is fiuted for changeable engagement with the lugs81, 88; and normally the key tumbler barrel is pressed forwardly by asmall coil spring 89, recessed in the inner end of the barrel andpressing against a plunger pin 90, guided in the spring recess, whichabuts against the end ofithe cap 54. The front end of the barrel'contacts with the shoulder formed in the bore-of the ring, 62, so thatthe ring is thereby projected into the recess 85 and the lugs 81, 88 aremaintained in engagement with corresponding flutes of the ring, 62.

The inwardly projecting rib, 86, serves to limit the insertion of thekey, 4|, as seen in Figure 18; thus it is important that in allinstallations, the relation between this rib, 88, and the tumbler barrelbe kept constant. Figure 25 represents a situation in which the panel,33X, on which the lock is mounted, is considerably thicker than thepanel, 33, shown in Figure 5. For this situation a substitute knob, 39x,is provided in which the rib, 86X, is located nearer the inner surfaceof the knob than the rib, 86. This-compensates for the difference inpanel thickness. Driving lugs similar to the lugs 81 and 88 of Figure24, are associated with the rib- 86x adjacent the same for connectingthe knob with the flutes-in the extreme end of the driving ring, 62;these lugs, however, do not occur at the plane at which section is takenin Figure 25. To provide for a considerable range of panel .thicknessesaseries of several knobs, differing only in the location of the rib, 86,and the driving lugs just mentioned, represent the only Variationsnecessary. Such knobs will all have the same external appearance, andwill be interchangeable in the door plate, 40.

To change the combination of the lock, or the relation between the dialand the driving disk, a resetting key 42 is used which has a shoulderportion 9| of such width as to pass through the dial and abut againstthe end of the ring 62. When this key is inserted the pins 92, of thetumblers 41, are engaged in the key groove A93, which is shaped toposition the'tumblers so that the ends are withdrawn from the grooves.46, and the key and barrel may be turned to the unlocked position, asshown in broken lines in Figure 1'1. In this position the resetting keymay be pressed in, as shown in Figure 20, and the connecting ring movedout of engagement with the lugs in the dial recess. Then the dial may berotated freely to a number of different positions, corresponding to thenumber of flutes in the connecting ring, and when the key is releasedthe spring 89 again presses the ring forwardly into the dial recesswhere it is re-engaged with the lugs in the new position of the dial.

The cam disk 58 rides on a raised surface, 3| a formed in the lowerportion of the back wall-of the case, and a curved spring washer, 43a,is inserted in between the flange of the driving disk and the cover 32.This holds the combination disks in position while the tumbler barrel ismoved endwise, the hub, 1|, of the driving disk, 43, being normallyspaced from .the ring, 62, to permit inward movement of the ring. Thesleeve, 59, has lugs, 59a, shown in broken lines in Figure 3 and Figure5, which engage in the notched bore of the cam disk, 58, and the disksor paits which are mounted on the sleeve are centered andheld inposition in the case by the spring, 43a. Hence the case and partstherein may be completely assembled-in position and the tumbler barrelthereafter inserted from the rear, the cap,

54, and washer, 53, being removed. Therefore,

quantities of the locks, cases and mechanism may be assembled before theparticular key series arrangement of the tumblers in the barrels isdetermined. Then the locks may be completed in small quantities, ifdesired, by inserting tumbler barrels of any selected series.

For master key operation of the lock, a key 4| is used, which has a wideshoulder portion 9d which abuts against the rib 86. This prevents themaster keyfrom being pressed in to move the tumbler barrel endwise.

'Ihe lock is provided with a bolt 95 which is arcuate in form and ispivotally mounted on a post 96 which extends rigidly from the bottom `ofthe case, directly below the stack of disks described above. The bolthas a portion which projects through an aperture 98 in the side of thecase, and engages with an operating member of the door fasteningmechanism, such as a lock bar 91 indicated in Figure 17. The bolt isbuilt up of four plates riveted together, the two middle plates 95 beingshortened, as shown in Figure 3, and the upper and lower plates eachhaving a notch 95@l formed in their upper ends for locking engagementwith the transverse portion of a stirrup shaped latch 98 which ispivotally mounted on a post 99 rigidly projecting from the rear wall ofthe case, the latch being urged into such engagement by a coil spring|00. The bolt is normally urged outward by a coil spring |0|, as shownin Figure 3.

Adjacent the combination disks is a post |82, rising from the bottom ofthe case, on which is pivotally mounted a U-shaped unlocking lever |03,which has a nger |04 formed on the inner leg portion which strikesagainst a lug |05 formed on a trigger plate |86, pivotally mounted onthe post 99, behind the latch 98. The plate |95 has a transverse lug |01which strikes against the i lower edge of a projecting arm |08 of thelatch 98 to rotate the latch out of locking engagement with the boltwhen the lever and trigger plate are rotated into the position shown inbroken lines in Figure 2.

On the transverse portion of the lever |83 is provided a wide finger|89, which is pressed against the edges of the combination disks by theaction of a coil spring |03a which urges the lever |03 in clockwisedirection. Each of the combination disks is provided with a peripheralnotch |8 so that when the disks are rotated by correctly operating thedial to bring the notches all inte registering relation with the linger|09, the lever |03 is released for rotation by its spring |93n to movethe latch 98 away from vthe bolt, and when any one or all of the disksare again turned out of said relation the nger |09 is cammed out and thelever is thereby rotated to release the latch i to disk, 6|, by lugs,69.

for re-engagement in the notch 95d when the bolt is returned to lockingposition.

It will be understood that in the lock illustrated the bolt 95 isreturned to locking position simply by the action of its spring lll Iand that its movement to unlocking position is effected by manipulationof a member such as the lock bar 91, shown in Figure 17. As illustrated,this bar is vertically slidable on the door 33, and is formed with anotch 91E, providinga shoulder, 91h, which engages with the face 95a ofthe bolt 95. When the bar is lifted by a handle, not shown, it swingsthe bolt 95, upwardly, provided the latching stirrup member 98 has beenswung to bolt-releasing position. And usually in connection with alocking mechanism of this type the `lock bar 91 is provided with anautomatic -detent which holds it in raised or unlocked position, andthus holds the bolt in unlocked position until the door -is closed,whereupon the bar 91 automatically falls to locking position and thebolt is swung downward by its spring ll. Such detent mechanism isfamiliar in the art, (see, for example, Patent No. 1,387,643 toErickson, et al.) and there is no need to illustrate it in detail.

It is manifest that the door may be opened at any time after thecombination has been set, and provision is made for throwing oi thecombination setting and moving the dial away from its last position, asfollowsz-When the bolt, 95, is moved inward in its unlocking movement,its projection, III, strikes the tooth, 6I, formed on the disk, 6|, androtates said disk, and with it the rst combination disk, 38, which isconnected On the bolt there is pivotally mounted a pawl, H2, whichcatches in teeth H3 formed in the third disk 35, shown more clearly inFigure 6, and causes the displacement of the third disk, and hence thedial, on the return or outward movement of the bolt.

The pawl, H2, is pivotally mounted on a pin H2a which is riveted to thebolt plates, and the pawl is urged in clockwise direction by a coilspring H4, one end of which engages a bushing I l 5 placed on the upperend of the post 96. The other end of the spring presses against anupturned lug, HZb, formed on the pawl, which projects downwardly tostrike the wall of the case and rotate the upper end of the pawl awayfrom contact with the disks when the bolt is projected in lockedposition, as shown in Figure l.

For the key operation of the lock, the cam plate 58 is provided with aprojection H6 which normally, in locked position, is in contact with astop shoulder H1, formed on the back wall of the case. Since the camplate is rotatively connected to the barrel, as described above, thestop shoulder H1 determines the normal position of the barrel, and theaxial position of the cam is such that when a key is inserted and turnedto the right the projection H6 strikes against the arm IUS, of the latch98, and the latch is thereby rotated to unlock the bolt; and in thefully operated position of the cam plate the end of the arm l08 rides uponto the circumferential surface of the lug HG, as shown in broken linesin Figure 3, so that the latch is held in unlocking position, againstthe action of the spring |00, as long as the key is left inserted in thelock and turned to the right; but there is no turning reaction againstthe key, since the pressure of the spring latch member 98 is exertedradially against the lug H6. Therefore, the door may be opened at anytime after the key has been turned; but the key cannot be removed fromthe lock withoutplacing the lock in condition to re-lock the door assoon as it is fastened; the engagement of pins 92 with the grooves ofthe key prevent its removal except in the locking y position.

Thus the door may be opened by either combination or key; thecombination is broken when the door is opened; the dial is displacedwhen the door is closed; the door is always in locking condition unlessthe combination is set or the key is in the lock, hence, it is nearlyimpossible to unintentionally leave the door unlocked; and thecombination may be changed at any time under the control of a specially'formed key requiring the operation of the lo'ck itself.

While there is shown and described herein certain specific structureVembodying this invention, it will be manifest `to those skilled in theart that various modifications and rearrangements of the parts maybe-rnade without departing from the spirit and the scope of theinvention, and-that the same is not limited to the particular formherein shown and described, except in so `far -as `indicated by theappended claims.

-I claim':

l. In a combination lock including a case, a combination tumbler drivingmember rotatably mounted in the case and projecting therethrough, arotatably mounted dial engaged by the projecting end of said member, andkeyoperated means for releasing said driving member to permit moving itaxially for disengagement from the dial, said dial and member beingformed for re-engagement in a diierent angular relation. Y

2. In va lock, a case, a knob rotatably mounted in front of the case, atumbler lock barrel rotatably mounted in the case, combination mechanismin the case and a driving disk therefor mounted on the barrel, a ringslidably connected with the disk and projecting through the case intoengagement with said knob, and means in the case acting to hold the diskengaged with the knob when the -barrel vis in locked position, andpermitting endwise movement of the barrel and disk when the barrel isunlocked for disengaging the disk from the knob.

3. In a combination lock a rotatably mounted knob, a dial and an indexone of which is fixed and the other rotatable with the knob, a tumblerlock barrel mounted for rotation co-axially with the knob, a pluralityof combination lock disks rotatably mounted on the barrel, a bushingconnected for driving the disks and rotatably mounted on' the end of thebarrel adjacent said knob, means by which said knob and bushing areoperatively engaged, a casing enclosing the barrel and providing anon-circular recess opposite the inner end of the latter, said end ofthe barrel being non-circular in shape to conform with said recess whenthe barrel is turned from its normal locked position, the barrel beingadapted to be released and .turned by a key to permit endwise movementof said non-circular portion into the recess to cause axialdisengagement of the bushing from the knob.

4. In combination, a tumbler lock mechanism and a combination lockmechanism comprising a rotatably mounted tumbler barrel, a set ofcombination disks mounted for rotation coaxially with the barrel, arotatable operating knob for the combination mechanism, a dial and anindex one of which is xed and the other rotatable with the knob, saidknob having a central aperture for admitting a key to the end of thebarrel, and the combination disks being in endwise engagement with theknob, connecting means effecting such engagement and movable axiallywith the barrel, said barrel including means for preventing its endwisemovement in locked position, and also including means for preventing itsrotation releasable by insertion of the key, whereby upon insertion ofsaid key the barrel may be rotated and then shifted endwise to effectdisengagement of the combination disks from the knob and permitre-engagement of said parts in changed relation.

5. In combination, a lock including a knob, a dial and an index, one ofwhich is xed and the other rotatable with the knob, a keyoperatedtumbler barrel, combination mechanism operable by the knob, and meansassociated with said barrel for effecting the operative connectionbetween the knob and said mechanism and disengageable from the knob uponendwise movement of the barrel, and fixed means shaped to normallyprevent endwise movement of the barrel but formed to inter-member with apart thereof when the barrel has been rotated to unlocked position, thuspermitting the endwise movement required to disengage the connectionbetween the knob and the combination mechan1SII1.

6. In a combination lock, a rotatably mounted knob, a dial and an index,one of which is fixed and the other rotatable with the knob, combinationtumblers and driving means normally positioned to transmit rotationthereto from the knob; and key-controlled means operable independentlyof the combination mechanism for disengaging the driving means from theknob, the connection between the knob and the tumblers comprisingfeatures re-engageable at a different angular relation of the knob tothe other parts for altering the combination of the lock.

DlIlLW YN M. BELL.`

